The Glymphatic System (En)during Inflammation

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The glymphatic system is a fluid-transport system that accesses all regions of the brain. It facilitates the exchange of cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid and clears waste from the metabolically active brain. Astrocytic endfeet and their dense expression of the aquaporin-4 water channels promote fluid exchange between the perivascular spaces and the neuropil. Cerebrospinal and interstitial fluids are together transported back to the vascular compartment by meningeal and cervical lymphatic vessels. Multiple lines of work show that neurological diseases in general impair glymphatic fluid transport. Insofar as the glymphatic system plays a pseudo-lymphatic role in the central nervous system, it is poised to play a role in neuroinflammation. In this review, we discuss how the association of the glymphatic system with the meningeal lymphatic vessel calls for a renewal of established concepts on the CNS as an immune-privileged site. We also discuss potential approaches to target the glymphatic system to combat neuroinflammation.

Original languageEnglish
Article number7491
JournalInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
Volume22
Issue number14
Number of pages20
ISSN1661-6596
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2021

    Research areas

  • glymphatic system, astrocytes, glia limitans, AQP4, ocular glymphatic system, inflammation, immune privilege, CSF, ISF, immune surveillance, EXPERIMENTAL RETINAL-DETACHMENT, BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER, NEUROMYELITIS-OPTICA, IMMUNE-SYSTEM, CHOROID-PLEXUS, T-CELLS, EXTRACELLULAR FLUID, COGNITIVE DEFICITS, INTERSTITIAL FLUID, CERVICAL LYMPH

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