Fluid Transport in the Brain

Research output: Contribution to journalReviewpeer-review

Standard

Fluid Transport in the Brain. / Rasmussen, Martin Kaag; Mestre, Humberto; Nedergaard, Maiken.

In: Physiological Reviews, Vol. 102, 2022, p. 1025-1151.

Research output: Contribution to journalReviewpeer-review

Harvard

Rasmussen, MK, Mestre, H & Nedergaard, M 2022, 'Fluid Transport in the Brain', Physiological Reviews, vol. 102, pp. 1025-1151. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00031.2020

APA

Rasmussen, M. K., Mestre, H., & Nedergaard, M. (2022). Fluid Transport in the Brain. Physiological Reviews, 102, 1025-1151. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00031.2020

Vancouver

Rasmussen MK, Mestre H, Nedergaard M. Fluid Transport in the Brain. Physiological Reviews. 2022;102:1025-1151. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00031.2020

Author

Rasmussen, Martin Kaag ; Mestre, Humberto ; Nedergaard, Maiken. / Fluid Transport in the Brain. In: Physiological Reviews. 2022 ; Vol. 102. pp. 1025-1151.

Bibtex

@article{db8eaff6c333430a8b2def654658e6d1,
title = "Fluid Transport in the Brain",
abstract = "Brain harbors a unique ability to, figuratively speaking, shift its gears. During wakefulness, the brain is geared fully towards processing information and behaving, while homeostatic functions predominate during sleep. The blood-brain barrier establishes a stable environment that is optimal for neuronal function, yet the barrier imposes a physiological problem; transcapillary filtration that forms extracellular fluid in other organs is reduced to a minimum in brain. Consequently, the brain depends on a special fluid (the cerebrospinal fluid; CSF) that is flushed into brain along the unique perivascular spaces created by astrocytic vascular endfeet. We describe this pathway, coined the term glymphatic system, based on its dependency on astrocytic vascular endfeet and their adluminal expression of AQP4 water channels facing towards CSF-filled perivascular spaces. Glymphatic clearance of potentially harmful metabolic or protein waste products, such as amyloid-β is primarily active during sleep, when its physiological drivers, the cardiac cycle, respiration, and slow vasomotion, together efficiently propel CSF inflow along periarterial spaces. The brain's extracellular space contains an abundance of proteoglycans and hyaluronan, which provide a low-resistance hydraulic conduit that rapidly can expand and shrink during the sleep-wake cycle. We describe this unique fluid system of the brain, which meets the brain's requisites to maintain homeostasis similar to peripheral organs, considering the blood-brain-barrier and the paths for formation and egress of the CSF.",
author = "Rasmussen, {Martin Kaag} and Humberto Mestre and Maiken Nedergaard",
year = "2022",
doi = "10.1152/physrev.00031.2020",
language = "English",
volume = "102",
pages = "1025--1151",
journal = "Physiological Reviews",
issn = "0031-9333",
publisher = "American Physiological Society",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Fluid Transport in the Brain

AU - Rasmussen, Martin Kaag

AU - Mestre, Humberto

AU - Nedergaard, Maiken

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Brain harbors a unique ability to, figuratively speaking, shift its gears. During wakefulness, the brain is geared fully towards processing information and behaving, while homeostatic functions predominate during sleep. The blood-brain barrier establishes a stable environment that is optimal for neuronal function, yet the barrier imposes a physiological problem; transcapillary filtration that forms extracellular fluid in other organs is reduced to a minimum in brain. Consequently, the brain depends on a special fluid (the cerebrospinal fluid; CSF) that is flushed into brain along the unique perivascular spaces created by astrocytic vascular endfeet. We describe this pathway, coined the term glymphatic system, based on its dependency on astrocytic vascular endfeet and their adluminal expression of AQP4 water channels facing towards CSF-filled perivascular spaces. Glymphatic clearance of potentially harmful metabolic or protein waste products, such as amyloid-β is primarily active during sleep, when its physiological drivers, the cardiac cycle, respiration, and slow vasomotion, together efficiently propel CSF inflow along periarterial spaces. The brain's extracellular space contains an abundance of proteoglycans and hyaluronan, which provide a low-resistance hydraulic conduit that rapidly can expand and shrink during the sleep-wake cycle. We describe this unique fluid system of the brain, which meets the brain's requisites to maintain homeostasis similar to peripheral organs, considering the blood-brain-barrier and the paths for formation and egress of the CSF.

AB - Brain harbors a unique ability to, figuratively speaking, shift its gears. During wakefulness, the brain is geared fully towards processing information and behaving, while homeostatic functions predominate during sleep. The blood-brain barrier establishes a stable environment that is optimal for neuronal function, yet the barrier imposes a physiological problem; transcapillary filtration that forms extracellular fluid in other organs is reduced to a minimum in brain. Consequently, the brain depends on a special fluid (the cerebrospinal fluid; CSF) that is flushed into brain along the unique perivascular spaces created by astrocytic vascular endfeet. We describe this pathway, coined the term glymphatic system, based on its dependency on astrocytic vascular endfeet and their adluminal expression of AQP4 water channels facing towards CSF-filled perivascular spaces. Glymphatic clearance of potentially harmful metabolic or protein waste products, such as amyloid-β is primarily active during sleep, when its physiological drivers, the cardiac cycle, respiration, and slow vasomotion, together efficiently propel CSF inflow along periarterial spaces. The brain's extracellular space contains an abundance of proteoglycans and hyaluronan, which provide a low-resistance hydraulic conduit that rapidly can expand and shrink during the sleep-wake cycle. We describe this unique fluid system of the brain, which meets the brain's requisites to maintain homeostasis similar to peripheral organs, considering the blood-brain-barrier and the paths for formation and egress of the CSF.

U2 - 10.1152/physrev.00031.2020

DO - 10.1152/physrev.00031.2020

M3 - Review

C2 - 33949874

VL - 102

SP - 1025

EP - 1151

JO - Physiological Reviews

JF - Physiological Reviews

SN - 0031-9333

ER -

ID: 289313755